# LANGUAGE translation of https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/mcvoy.html # Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc. # This file is distributed under the same license as the original article. # FIRST AUTHOR , YEAR. # #, fuzzy msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: mcvoy.html\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2021-09-19 16:26+0000\n" "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" "Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" "Language-Team: LANGUAGE \n" "Language: \n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" #. type: Content of: msgid "Thank You, Larry McVoy - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><h2> msgid "Thank You, Larry McVoy" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><address> msgid "by Richard Stallman" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "" "For the first time in my life, I want to thank Larry McVoy. He recently " "eliminated a major weakness of the free software community, by announcing " "the end of his campaign to entice free software projects to use and promote " "his nonfree software. Soon, Linux development will no longer use this " "program, and no longer spread the message that nonfree software is a good " "thing if it's convenient." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "" "My gratitude is limited, since it was McVoy that created the problem in the " "first place. But I still appreciate his decision to clear it up." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "" "There are thousands of nonfree programs, and most merit no special " "attention, other than developing a free replacement. What made this " "program, BitKeeper, infamous and dangerous was its marketing approach: " "inviting high-profile free software projects to use it, so as to attract " "other paying users." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "" "McVoy made the program available gratis to free software developers. This " "did not mean it was free software for them: they were privileged not to part " "with their money, but they still had to part with their freedom. They gave " "up the fundamental freedoms that define free software: freedom to run the " "program as you wish for any purpose, freedom to study and change the source " "code as you wish, freedom to make and redistribute copies, and freedom to " "publish modified versions." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "" "The free software movement has said, “Think of ‘free " "speech,’ not ‘free beer’” since 1990. McVoy said " "the opposite; he invited developers to focus on the lack of monetary price, " "instead of on freedom. A free software activist would dismiss this " "suggestion, but those in our community who value technical advantage above " "freedom and community were susceptible to it." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "" "McVoy's great triumph was the adoption of this program for Linux " "development. No free software project is more visible than Linux. It is " "the kernel of the GNU/Linux operating system, an essential component, and " "users often mistake it for the entire system. As McVoy surely planned, the " "use of his program in Linux development was powerful publicity for it." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "" "It was also, whether intentionally or not, a powerful political PR campaign, " "telling the free software community that freedom-denying software is " "acceptable as long as it's convenient. If we had taken that attitude " "towards Unix in 1984, where would we be today? Nowhere. If we had accepted " "using Unix, instead of setting out to replace it, nothing like the GNU/Linux " "system would exist." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "" "Of course, the Linux developers had practical reasons for what they did. I " "won't argue with those reasons; they surely know what's convenient for " "them. But they did not count, or did not value, how this would affect their " "freedom—or the rest of the community's efforts." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "" "A free kernel, even a whole free operating system, is not sufficient to use " "your computer in freedom; we need free software for everything else, too. " "Free applications, free drivers, free <abbr title=\"Basic Input/Output " "System\">BIOS</abbr>: some of those projects face large obstacles—the " "need to reverse engineer formats or protocols or pressure companies to " "document them, or to work around or face down patent threats, or to compete " "with a network effect. Success will require firmness and determination. A " "better kernel is desirable, to be sure, but not at the expense of weakening " "the impetus to liberate the rest of the software world." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "" "When the use of his program became controversial, McVoy responded with " "distraction. For instance, he promised to release it as free software if " "the company went out of business. Alas, that does no good as long as the " "company remains in business. Linux developers responded by saying, " "“We'll switch to a free program when you develop a better one.” " "This was an indirect way of saying, “We made the mess, but we won't " "clean it up.”" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "" "Fortunately, not everyone in Linux development considered a nonfree program " "acceptable, and there was continuing pressure for a free alternative. " "Finally Andrew Tridgell developed an interoperating free program, so Linux " "developers would no longer need to use a nonfree program." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "" "McVoy first blustered and threatened, but ultimately chose to go home and " "take his ball with him: he withdrew permission for gratis use by free " "software projects, and Linux developers will move to other software. The " "program they no longer use will remain unethical as long as it is nonfree, " "but they will no longer promote it, nor by using it teach others to give " "freedom low priority. We can begin to forget about that program." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "" "We should not forget the lesson we have learned from it: Nonfree programs " "are dangerous to you and to your community. Don't let them get a place in " "your life." msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes. #. type: Content of: <div> msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><div><p> msgid "" "Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to <a " "href=\"mailto:gnu@gnu.org\"><gnu@gnu.org></a>. There are also <a " "href=\"/contact/\">other ways to contact</a> the FSF. Broken links and " "other corrections or suggestions can be sent to <a " "href=\"mailto:webmasters@gnu.org\"><webmasters@gnu.org></a>." msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph, #. replace it with the translation of these two: # #. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality #. translations. However, we are not exempt from imperfection. #. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard #. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org"> # #. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p> # #. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of #. our web pages, see <a #. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations #. README</a>. #. type: Content of: <div><div><p> msgid "" "Please see the <a " "href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">Translations README</a> " "for information on coordinating and contributing translations of this " "article." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "Copyright © 2005, 2021 Richard Stallman" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "" "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" " "href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons " "Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>." msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits. #. type: Content of: <div><div> msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S CREDITS*" msgstr "" #. timestamp start #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "Updated:" msgstr ""