msgid "The Moral and the Legal - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><h2> msgid "The Moral and the Legal" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><address> msgid "by Richard Stallman" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "" "Every legal issue about free/libre software is at root a moral issue. " "Before we think about the legal level of the issue, we need to understand " "the moral level." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "" "The legal level is about what current laws require. When we in the free " "software movement make a legal argument, that is what we are arguing about. " "However, the moral level is what matters most—it is where our goals " "come from. Liberty resides at that level, which is why we also call it " "“libre” software." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "" "The two levels are not the same or even parallel. In general, that <i>X</i> " "is currently lawful says nothing about whether <i>X</i> is morally " "legitimate, and vice versa. We might propose to change some laws to better " "follow some of our moral ideas." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "" "There is a pervasive tendency, especially in the US, to assume that laws " "dictate right and wrong. If we in the free software movement post articles " "or letters that discuss only the legal level, readers will tend to assume we " "agree with that assumption—that what we judge by is legality above " "all, so that if an action is lawful we are unable to criticize it." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "" "Since our overall purpose is to end the lawful but unjust computing " "practices (nonfree software and <a " "href=\"/philosophy/who-does-that-server-really-serve.html\">SaaSS</a>) " "because we judge morally that they are unjust, we must show we do not define " "morality as “not breaking any laws.” We need to keep reminding " "the public to pay attention to the deeper level, which is the moral level. " "If, in a communication, we focus on the shallow aspects alone, we miss an " "opportunity to show the public our deeper message. Because some readers are " "interested only in the legalities, we must show we don't consider those to " "be paramount." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "" "In some cases, we contend, morality and legality say opposite things. In " "the US, distributing a program that can break DRM is illegal; the companies " "that implement DRM point to this, and hope you will confuse legality with " "morality. We are careful not to get confused that way. Breaking DRM is " "morally admirable; what's immoral is to <em>implement</em> DRM." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "" "In anything we publish, and anything we send to strangers (they might " "redistribute it to the public), we have to show that our views about issues " "are primarily based on the moral level. Even when the immediately crucial " "part is at the legal level, we must show how we judge programs, and laws " "themselves, at the moral level. Thus, when people ask whether a program " "follows the <i>XYZ</i> law, we can say, “We believe it does—and, " "most importantly, it respects users' freedom.”" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "" "Presenting the two levels in relation to each other is a very good way of " "showing them both, and also showing how they are related. For instance, " "when speaking for the FSF, it can be useful to say, “Your program " "<i>FOO</i> contains part of the source code of <i>GNU BAR</i>” (a " "legal issue) “and fails to follow the GNU GPL rules” (a legal " "issue), “and that denies other users some of the rights they are " "entitled to” (the deeper moral issue). “To ensure all users of " "code from <i>GNU BAR</i> fully enjoy the <a " "href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">four freedoms</a> for it” (the goal " "at the moral level), “we invoke our copyright to require you to stop " "distributing the code that way” (using legal power as a tool to " "achieve the moral goal)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "" "That is not the only way to present them both. In other contexts, not the " "FSF, you might need to say something very different. The main thing is to " "remember to talk about the moral level often, so readers realize it is the " "deeper and more important of the two levels." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><div><p> msgid "" "See also <a href=\"/philosophy/compromise.html\">Avoiding Ruinous " "Compromises</a>." msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes. #. type: Content of: <div> msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><div><p> msgid "" "Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to <a " "href=\"mailto:gnu@gnu.org\"><gnu@gnu.org></a>. There are also <a " "href=\"/contact/\">other ways to contact</a> the FSF. Broken links and " "other corrections or suggestions can be sent to <a " "href=\"mailto:webmasters@gnu.org\"><webmasters@gnu.org></a>." msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph, #. replace it with the translation of these two: # #. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality #. translations. However, we are not exempt from imperfection. #. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard #. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org"> # #. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p> # #. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of #. our web pages, see <a #. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations #. README</a>. #. type: Content of: <div><div><p> msgid "" "Please see the <a " "href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">Translations README</a> " "for information on coordinating and contributing translations of this " "article." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "Copyright © 2024 Free Software Foundation, Inc." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "" "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" " "href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons " "Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>." msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits. #. type: Content of: <div><div> msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S CREDITS*" msgstr "" #. timestamp start #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "Updated:" msgstr ""

# LANGUAGE translation of https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/the-moral-and-the-legal.html # Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc. # This file is distributed under the same license as the original article. # FIRST AUTHOR , YEAR. # #, fuzzy msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: the-moral-and-the-legal.html\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2024-01-17 11:25+0000\n" "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" "Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" "Language-Team: LANGUAGE \n" "Language: \n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" #. type: Content of: msgid "The Moral and the Legal - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><h2> msgid "The Moral and the Legal" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><address> msgid "by Richard Stallman" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "" "Every legal issue about free/libre software is at root a moral issue. " "Before we think about the legal level of the issue, we need to understand " "the moral level." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "" "The legal level is about what current laws require. When we in the free " "software movement make a legal argument, that is what we are arguing about. " "However, the moral level is what matters most—it is where our goals " "come from. Liberty resides at that level, which is why we also call it " "“libre” software." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "" "The two levels are not the same or even parallel. In general, that <i>X</i> " "is currently lawful says nothing about whether <i>X</i> is morally " "legitimate, and vice versa. We might propose to change some laws to better " "follow some of our moral ideas." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "" "There is a pervasive tendency, especially in the US, to assume that laws " "dictate right and wrong. If we in the free software movement post articles " "or letters that discuss only the legal level, readers will tend to assume we " "agree with that assumption—that what we judge by is legality above " "all, so that if an action is lawful we are unable to criticize it." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "" "Since our overall purpose is to end the lawful but unjust computing " "practices (nonfree software and <a " "href=\"/philosophy/who-does-that-server-really-serve.html\">SaaSS</a>) " "because we judge morally that they are unjust, we must show we do not define " "morality as “not breaking any laws.” We need to keep reminding " "the public to pay attention to the deeper level, which is the moral level. " "If, in a communication, we focus on the shallow aspects alone, we miss an " "opportunity to show the public our deeper message. Because some readers are " "interested only in the legalities, we must show we don't consider those to " "be paramount." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "" "In some cases, we contend, morality and legality say opposite things. In " "the US, distributing a program that can break DRM is illegal; the companies " "that implement DRM point to this, and hope you will confuse legality with " "morality. We are careful not to get confused that way. Breaking DRM is " "morally admirable; what's immoral is to <em>implement</em> DRM." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "" "In anything we publish, and anything we send to strangers (they might " "redistribute it to the public), we have to show that our views about issues " "are primarily based on the moral level. Even when the immediately crucial " "part is at the legal level, we must show how we judge programs, and laws " "themselves, at the moral level. Thus, when people ask whether a program " "follows the <i>XYZ</i> law, we can say, “We believe it does—and, " "most importantly, it respects users' freedom.”" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "" "Presenting the two levels in relation to each other is a very good way of " "showing them both, and also showing how they are related. For instance, " "when speaking for the FSF, it can be useful to say, “Your program " "<i>FOO</i> contains part of the source code of <i>GNU BAR</i>” (a " "legal issue) “and fails to follow the GNU GPL rules” (a legal " "issue), “and that denies other users some of the rights they are " "entitled to” (the deeper moral issue). “To ensure all users of " "code from <i>GNU BAR</i> fully enjoy the <a " "href=\"/philosophy/free-sw.html\">four freedoms</a> for it” (the goal " "at the moral level), “we invoke our copyright to require you to stop " "distributing the code that way” (using legal power as a tool to " "achieve the moral goal)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "" "That is not the only way to present them both. In other contexts, not the " "FSF, you might need to say something very different. The main thing is to " "remember to talk about the moral level often, so readers realize it is the " "deeper and more important of the two levels." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><div><p> msgid "" "See also <a href=\"/philosophy/compromise.html\">Avoiding Ruinous " "Compromises</a>." msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes. #. type: Content of: <div> msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><div><p> msgid "" "Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to <a " "href=\"mailto:gnu@gnu.org\"><gnu@gnu.org></a>. There are also <a " "href=\"/contact/\">other ways to contact</a> the FSF. Broken links and " "other corrections or suggestions can be sent to <a " "href=\"mailto:webmasters@gnu.org\"><webmasters@gnu.org></a>." msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph, #. replace it with the translation of these two: # #. We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality #. translations. However, we are not exempt from imperfection. #. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard #. to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org"> # #. <web-translators@gnu.org></a>.</p> # #. <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of #. our web pages, see <a #. href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations #. README</a>. #. type: Content of: <div><div><p> msgid "" "Please see the <a " "href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">Translations README</a> " "for information on coordinating and contributing translations of this " "article." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "Copyright © 2024 Free Software Foundation, Inc." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "" "This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" " "href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons " "Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>." msgstr "" #. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits. #. type: Content of: <div><div> msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S CREDITS*" msgstr "" #. timestamp start #. type: Content of: <div><p> msgid "Updated:" msgstr ""