# LANGUAGE translation of https://www.gnu.org/proprietary/proprietary-drm.html
# Copyright (C) YEAR Free Software Foundation, Inc.
# This file is distributed under the same license as the original article.
# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
#
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: proprietary-drm.html\n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2025-02-14 09:55+0000\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
"Language: \n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
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#. type: Content of: <title>
msgid "Proprietary DRM - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><a>
msgid "<a id=\"side-menu-button\" class=\"switch\" href=\"#navlinks\">"
msgstr ""

#. type: Attribute 'title' of: <div><a><img>
msgid "Section contents"
msgstr ""

#. type: Attribute 'alt' of: <div><a><img>
msgid "&nbsp;[Section contents]&nbsp;"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div>
msgid "</a>"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><p><a>
msgid "<a href=\"/\">"
msgstr ""

#. type: Attribute 'title' of: <div><p><a><img>
msgid "GNU Home"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"</a>&nbsp;/ <a href=\"/proprietary/proprietary.html\">Malware</a>&nbsp;/ By "
"type&nbsp;/"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><h2>
msgid "Proprietary DRM"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Nonfree (proprietary) software is very often malware (designed to mistreat "
"the user). Nonfree software is controlled by its developers, which puts them "
"in a position of power over the users; <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/free-software-even-more-important.html\">that is the "
"basic injustice</a>. The developers and manufacturers often exercise that "
"power to the detriment of the users they ought to serve."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid "This typically takes the form of malicious functionalities."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Here are examples of proprietary programs and systems that implement "
"<em>digital restrictions management</em> (DRM): functionalities designed "
"intentionally to restrict what users can do.  These functionalities are also "
"called <em>digital handcuffs</em>."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"DRM is reinforced by <a "
"href=\"http://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2014/feb/05/digital-rights-management\"> "
"censorship laws</a> that ban software (and hardware) that can break the "
"handcuffs.  Instead of these laws, DRM itself ought to be illegal.  Please "
"support our campaign to <a href=\"http://DefectiveByDesign.org/\">abolish "
"DRM</a>."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><div><p>
msgid ""
"If you know of an example that ought to be in this page but isn't here, "
"please write to <a "
"href=\"mailto:webmasters@gnu.org\">&lt;webmasters@gnu.org&gt;</a> to inform "
"us. Please include the URL of a trustworthy reference or two to serve as "
"specific substantiation."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"<a href=\"/proprietary/uhd-bluray-denies-your-freedom.html\">UHD Blu-ray "
"disks are encrypted with AACS, one of the worst kinds of DRM</a>.  Playing "
"them on a PC requires software and hardware that meet stringent proprietary "
"specifications, which developers can only obtain after signing an agreement "
"that explicitly forbids them from disclosing any source code."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"<a "
"href=\"https://badcyber.com/dieselgate-but-for-trains-some-heavyweight-hardware-hacking/\">Newag, "
"a Polish railway manufacturer, puts DRM inside trains to prevent third-party "
"repairs</a>."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"The train's software contains code to detect if the GPS coordinates are near "
"some third party repairers, or the train has not been running for some "
"time. If yes, the train will be &ldquo;locked up&rdquo; (i.e. bricked). It "
"was also possible to unlock it by pressing a secret combination of buttons "
"in the cockpit, but this ability was removed by a manufacturer's software "
"update."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"The train will also lock up after a certain date, which is hardcoded in the "
"software."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"The company pushes a software update that detects if the DRM code has been "
"bypassed, i.e. the lock should have been engaged but the train is still "
"operational. If yes, the controller cabin screen will display a scary "
"message warning about &ldquo;copyright violation&rdquo;."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"<a "
"href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20231213150111/https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/12/technology/iphone-repair-apple-control.html\">To "
"block non-Apple repairs, Apple encodes the iMonster serial number in the "
"original parts</a>. This is called &ldquo;parts pairing&rdquo;. Swapping "
"parts between working iMonsters of the same model causes malfunction or "
"disabling of some functionalities. Part replacement may also trigger "
"persistent alerts, unless it is done by an Apple store."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"HP delivers printers with a universal back door, and recently used it to <a "
"href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/money/2023/may/10/how-can-hp-block-me-from-using-a-cheaper-printer-cartridge\"> "
"sabotage them by remotely installing malware</a>. The malware makes the "
"printer refuse to function with non-HP ink cartrides, and even with old HP "
"cartridges which HP now declares to have &ldquo;expired.&rdquo; HP calls the "
"back door &ldquo;dynamic security,&rdquo; and has the gall to claim that "
"this &ldquo;security&rdquo; protects users from malware."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"If you own an HP printer that can still use non-HP cartridges, we urge you "
"to disconnect it from the internet. This will ensure that HP doesn't "
"sabotage it by &ldquo;updating&rdquo; its software."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"<small>Note how the author of the Guardian article credulously repeats HP's "
"assertion that the &ldquo;dynamic security&rdquo; feature protects users "
"against malware, not recognizing that the article demonstrates it does the "
"opposite.</small>"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"<a hreflang=\"ja\" href=\"https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/B-CAS\">B-CAS</a> <a "
"href=\"#m1\">[1]</a> is the digital restrictions management (DRM) system "
"used by Japanese TV broadcasters, including NHK (public-service TV).  It is "
"sold by the B-CAS company, which has a de-facto monopoly on it. Initially "
"intended for pay-TV, its use was extended to digital free-to-air "
"broadcasting as a means to enforce restrictions on copyrighted works. The "
"system encrypts works that permit free redistribution just like other works, "
"thus denying users their nominal rights."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"On the client side, B-CAS is typically implemented by a card that plugs into "
"a compatible receiver, or alternatively by a tuner card that plugs into a "
"computer. Beside implementing drastic copying and viewing restrictions, this "
"system gives broadcasters full power over users, through back doors among "
"other means. For example:"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><ul><li>
msgid ""
"It can force messages to the user's TV screen, and the user can't turn them "
"off."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><ul><li>
msgid ""
"It can collect viewing information and send it to other companies to take "
"surveys. Until 2011, user registration was required, so the viewing habits "
"of each customer were recorded. We don't know whether this personal "
"information was deleted from the company's servers after 2011."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><ul><li>
msgid ""
"Each card has an ID, which enables broadcasters to force customer-specific "
"updates via the back door normally used to update the decryption key. Thus "
"pay-TV broadcasters can disable decryption of the broadcast wave if "
"subscription fees are not paid on time.  This feature could also be used by "
"any broadcaster (possibly instructed by the government) to stop certain "
"persons from watching TV."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><ul><li>
msgid ""
"As the export of B-CAS cards is illegal, people outside Japan can't "
"(officially) decrypt the satellite broadcast signal that may spill over to "
"their location. They are thus deprived of a valuable source of information "
"about what happens in Japan."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"These unacceptable restrictions led to a sort of cat-and-mouse game, with "
"some users doing their best to bypass the system, and broadcasters trying to "
"stop them without much success: cryptographic keys were retrieved through "
"the back door of the B-CAS card, illegal cards were made and sold on the "
"black market, as well as a tuner for PC that disables the copy control "
"signal."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"While B-CAS cards are still in use with older equipment, modern high "
"definition TVs have an even nastier version of this DRM (called ACAS) in a "
"special chip that is built into the receiver. The chip can update its own "
"software from the company's servers, even when the receiver is turned off "
"(but still plugged into an outlet). This feature could be abused to disable "
"stored TV programs that the power in place doesn't agree with, thus "
"interfering with free speech."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"Being part of the receiver, the ACAS chip is supposed to be "
"tamper-resistant. Time will tell&hellip;"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"<small>[1] We thank the free software supporter who translated this article "
"from Japanese, and shared his experience of B-CAS with us. (Unfortunately, "
"the article presents DRM as a good thing.)</small>"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"Apple prevents people from upgrading their Mac hardware <a "
"href=\"https://www.theverge.com/2022/3/21/22989226/apple-mac-studios-removable-ssd-blocked-software-replacement\">by "
"imposing DRM on its removable SSD storage</a>."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"Hewlett-Packard is <a "
"href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/money/2022/feb/19/how-cheap-ink-cartridges-can-cost-you-dear\"> "
"implementing DRM in its printers</a> so they refuse to print with ink "
"cartridges from another supplier."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"<a "
"href=\"https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2022/02/worst-timeline-printer-company-putting-drm-paper-now\"> "
"Dymo is now embedding DRM in the paper rolls for its label printers</a> to "
"make those printers reject equivalent paper rolls made by other "
"companies. This is implemented by an RFID tag, which keeps track of how many "
"labels remain on the roll, and blocks further printing when the roll is "
"empty&mdash;an efficient way to prevent reusing the same RFID with a "
"third-party roll."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"Apple's new tactic to restrict users from repairing their own device and "
"impose DRM on people is to <a "
"href=\"https://www.ifixit.com/News/54829/apples-new-screen-repair-trap-could-change-the-repair-industry-forever\">completely "
"disable its Face ID functionality</a> when you replace its screen."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"Adobe <a "
"href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20211014123717/https://pluralistic.net/2021/10/13/theres-an-app-for-that/#gnash\">has "
"licensed its Flash Player to China's Zhong Cheng Network</a> who is offering "
"the program bundled with spyware and a back door that can remotely "
"deactivate it."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"Adobe is responsible for this since they gave Zhong Cheng Network permission "
"to do this.  This injustice involves &ldquo;misuse&rdquo; of the DMCA, but "
"&ldquo;proper,&rdquo; intended use of the DMCA is a much bigger injustice.  "
"There is <a href=\"/philosophy/right-to-read.html\">a series of errors "
"related to DMCA</a>."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"<a "
"href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2021/may/30/gadgets-have-stopped-working-together-interoperability-apple\">Apple "
"is systematically undermining interoperability</a>. At the hardware level, "
"it does this via nonstandard plugs, buses and networks. At the software "
"level, it does this by not letting the user have any data except within one "
"app."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"Amazon's monopoly and DRM is <a "
"href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2021/03/10/amazon-library-ebook-monopoly/\">stopping "
"public libraries from lending e-books and audiobooks</a>. Amazon became "
"powerful in e-book world by <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/why-call-it-the-swindle.html\">Swindle</a>, and is now "
"misusing its power and violates people's rights using <a "
"href=\"https://www.defectivebydesign.org\">Digital Restrictions "
"Management</a>."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"The article is written in a way that endorses DRM in general, which is "
"unacceptable. <a href=\"/proprietary/proprietary-drm.html\">DRM is an "
"injustice to people</a>."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"Apple is putting DRM on iPhone batteries, and the system proprietary "
"software <a "
"href=\"https://www.vice.com/en/article/59nz3k/apple-is-locking-batteries-to-specific-iphones-a-nightmare-for-diy-repair\">turns "
"off certain features when batteries are replaced other than by Apple.</a>"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"Ebooks &ldquo;bought&rdquo; from Microsoft's store check that their DRM is "
"valid by connecting to the store every time their &ldquo;owner&rdquo; wants "
"to read them. Microsoft is going to close this store, <a "
"href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/technology-47810367\"> bricking all DRM'ed "
"ebooks it has ever &ldquo;sold&rdquo;</a>. (The article additionally "
"highlights the pitfalls of DRM.)"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"This is another proof that a DRM-encumbered product doesn't belong to the "
"person who bought it. Microsoft said it will refund customers, but this is "
"no excuse for selling them restricted books."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"The HP <a href=\"https://boingboing.net/2019/02/08/inkjet-dystopias.html\"> "
"&ldquo;ink subscription&rdquo; cartridges have DRM that constantly "
"communicates with HP servers</a> to make sure the user is still paying for "
"the subscription, and hasn't printed more pages than were paid for."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"Even though the ink subscription program may be cheaper in some specific "
"cases, it spies on users, and involves totally unacceptable restrictions in "
"the use of ink cartridges that would otherwise be in working order."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"Printer manufacturers are very innovative&mdash;at blocking the use of "
"independent replacement ink cartridges. Their &ldquo;security "
"upgrades&rdquo; occasionally impose new forms of cartridge DRM. <a "
"href=\"https://www.vice.com/en/article/pa98ab/printer-makers-are-crippling-cheap-ink-cartridges-via-bogus-security-updates\"> "
"HP and Epson have done this</a>."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"The game Metal Gear Rising for MacOS was tethered to a server.  The company "
"<a "
"href=\"https://www.gamerevolution.com/news/400087-metal-gear-rising-mac-unplayable-drm\"> "
"shut down the server, and all copies stopped working</a>."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"The DMCA and the EU Copyright Directive make it <a "
"href=\"https://boingboing.net/2017/11/25/la-la-la-cant-hear-you.html\"> "
"illegal to study how iOS cr&hellip;apps spy on users</a>, because this would "
"require circumventing the iOS DRM."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"Google now allows Android apps to detect whether a device has been rooted, "
"<a "
"href=\"https://www.androidpolice.com/2017/05/13/netflix-confirms-blocking-rootedunlocked-devices-app-still-working-now/\">and "
"refuse to install if so</a>. The Netflix app uses this ability to enforce "
"DRM by refusing to install on rooted Android devices."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"Update: Google <i>intentionally</i> changed Android so that apps <a "
"href=\"https://torrentfreak.com/netflix-use-of-google-drm-means-rooted-android-devices-are-banned-170515/\">can "
"detect rooted devices and refuse to run on them</a>. The Netflix app is "
"proprietary malware, and one shouldn't use it. However, that does not make "
"what Google has done any less wrong."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"<a href=\"https://itstillworks.com/kindle-drm-17841.html\"> The Amazon "
"Kindle has DRM</a>.  That article is flawed in that it fails to treat DRM as "
"an ethical question; it takes for granted that whatever Amazon might do to "
"its users is legitimate.  It refers to DRM as digital &ldquo;rights&rdquo; "
"management, which is the spin term used to promote DRM.  Nonetheless it "
"serves as a reference for the facts."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"We refer to that product as the <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/why-call-it-the-swindle.html\"> Amazon Swindle</a> "
"because of this and <a href=\"/philosophy/ebooks.html\"> other malicious "
"functionalities</a>."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"The iPhone 7 contains DRM specifically designed to <a "
"href=\"https://www.vice.com/en/article/kbjm8e/iphone-7-home-button-unreplaceable-repair-software-lock\"> "
"brick it if an &ldquo;unauthorized&rdquo; repair shop fixes it</a>.  "
"&ldquo;Unauthorized&rdquo; essentially means anyone besides Apple."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"<small>(The article uses the term &ldquo;lock&rdquo; to describe the DRM, "
"but we prefer to use the term <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#DigitalLocks\"> digital "
"handcuffs</a>.)</small>"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"DRM-restricted files can be used to <a "
"href=\"https://yro.slashdot.org/story/17/02/02/231229/windows-drm-protected-files-used-to-decloak-tor-browser-users\"> "
"identify people browsing through Tor</a>. The vulnerability exists only if "
"you use Windows."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"Chrome <a "
"href=\"https://boingboing.net/2017/01/30/google-quietly-makes-optiona.html\">implements "
"DRM</a>. So does Chromium, through nonfree software that is effectively part "
"of it."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"<a href=\"https://issues.chromium.org/issues/40504000\">More "
"information</a>."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"HP's firmware downgrade <a "
"href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/sep/20/hp-inkjet-printers-unofficial-cartridges-software-update\">imposed "
"DRM on some printers, which now refuse to function with third-party ink "
"cartridges</a>."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"Oculus Rift games now have <a "
"href=\"https://www.vice.com/en/article/vv77ea/new-oculus-drm-cross-platform\"> "
"DRM meant to prevent running them on other systems</a>."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"The <a href=\"https://michaelweinberg.org/post/137045828005/free-the-cube\"> "
"&ldquo;Cube&rdquo; 3D printer was designed with DRM</a>: it won't accept "
"third-party printing materials.  It is the Keurig of printers.  Now it is "
"being discontinued, which means that eventually authorized materials won't "
"be available and the printers may become unusable."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"With a <a "
"href=\"https://www.fsf.org/resources/hw/endorsement/aleph-objects\"> printer "
"that gets the Respects Your Freedom</a>, this problem would not even be a "
"remote possibility."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"How pitiful that the author of that article says that there was "
"&ldquo;nothing wrong&rdquo; with designing the device to restrict users in "
"the first place.  This is like putting a &ldquo;cheat me and mistreat "
"me&rdquo; sign on your chest.  We should know better: we should condemn all "
"companies that take advantage of people like him.  Indeed, it is the "
"acceptance of their unjust practice that teaches people to be doormats."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"<a "
"href=\"https://www.vice.com/en/article/bmvxp4/switzerland-wants-a-single-universal-phone-charger-by-2017\"> "
"Apple uses DRM software to prevent people from charging an iThing with a "
"generic USB cable</a>."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"Philips &ldquo;smart&rdquo; lightbulbs had initially been designed to "
"interact with other companies' smart light bulbs, but <a "
"href=\"https://www.techdirt.com/2015/12/14/lightbulb-drm-philips-locks-purchasers-out-third-party-bulbs-with-firmware-update/\"> "
"later the company updated the firmware to disallow interoperability</a>."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"If a product is &ldquo;smart&rdquo;, and you didn't build it, it is cleverly "
"serving its manufacturer <em>against you</em>."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"The Netflix Android app <a "
"href=\"https://torrentfreak.com/netflix-cracks-down-on-vpn-and-proxy-pirates-150103/\"> "
"forces the use of Google DNS</a>. This is one of the methods that Netflix "
"uses to enforce the geolocation restrictions dictated by the movie studios."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"Adobe made &ldquo;Digital Editions,&rdquo; the e-reader used by most US "
"libraries, spy on the user <a "
"href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20141220181015/http://www.computerworlduk.com/blogs/open-enterprise/drm-strikes-again-3575860/\">for "
"the sake of DRM.</a>"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"<a "
"href=\"https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2013/11/drm-cars-will-drive-consumers-crazy\"> "
"DRM in cars will drive consumers crazy</a>."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"<a "
"href=\"https://web.archive.org/web/20131007102857/http://www.nclnet.org/technology/73-digital-rights-management/124-whos-driving-the-copyright-laws-consumers-insist-on-the-right-to-back-it-up\"> "
"DVDs and Blu-ray disks have DRM</a>."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"That page uses spin terms that favor DRM, including <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#DigitalRightsManagement\"> digital "
"&ldquo;rights&rdquo; management</a> and <a "
"href=\"/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#Protection\">&ldquo;protect&rdquo;</a>, "
"and it claims that &ldquo;artists&rdquo; (rather than companies)  are "
"primarily responsible for putting digital restrictions management into these "
"disks.  Nonetheless, it is a reference for the facts."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"Every Blu-ray disk (with few, rare exceptions) has DRM&mdash;so don't use "
"Blu-ray disks!"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"Samsung &ldquo;Smart&rdquo; TVs have <a "
"href=\"https://wiki.samygo.tv/index.php?title=SamyGO_for_DUMMIES#What_are_Restricted_Firmwares.3F\"> "
"turned Linux into the base for a tyrant system</a> so as to impose DRM.  "
"What enables Samsung to do this is that Linux is released under GNU GPL "
"version 2, <a href=\"/licenses/rms-why-gplv3.html\">not version 3</a>, "
"together with a weak interpretation of GPL version 2."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"Android <a "
"href=\"https://developer.android.com/reference/android/drm/package-summary.html\"> "
"contains facilities specifically to support DRM</a>."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"DRM does more nastiness to published works than merely stopping people from "
"looking at and/or copying them. Even when it allows you to look, it harasses "
"you in many ways. Cory Doctorow's article presents <a "
"href=\"https://boingboing.net/2010/02/18/infographic-buying-d.html\"> DVDs "
"as an example</a>."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"We condemn the propaganda term &ldquo;pirate&rdquo; when it is applied to "
"people that share copies. Many of these DVDs are made and distributed "
"commercially; in reference to that practice, &ldquo;pirate&rdquo; might be "
"partly justified. But not when they protect users from harassment."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"The fundamental cause of this harassment, and the fundamental wrong of the "
"DRM in DVDs, is the requirement to use nonfree software to play the "
"DVD. Fortunately we have free replacement software."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"<a "
"href=\"https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2008/11/apple-downgrades-macbook-video-drm\"> "
"DRM (digital restrictions mechanisms) in MacOS</a>. This article focuses on "
"the fact that a new model of Macbook introduced a requirement for monitors "
"to have malicious hardware, but DRM software in MacOS is involved in "
"activating the hardware. The software for accessing iTunes is also "
"responsible."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"<a "
"href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-bandwidth_Digital_Content_Protection\"> "
"HDCP</a> is a DRM system that encrypts video and audio data from the "
"processor to the monitor. It is implemented mainly in hardware, but the "
"system software also participates, which makes it qualify as malware."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"Besides controlling users, HDCP denies their fair-use rights and causes "
"numerous practical problems."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"<a href=\"https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2008/02/adobe-pushes-drm-flash\"> "
"DRM in Flash Player</a>."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"<a href=\"https://arstechnica.com/gadgets/2007/08/aacs-tentacles/\">DRM in "
"Windows</a>, introduced to cater to <a "
"href=\"/proprietary/proprietary-drm.html#bluray\">Blu-ray</a> disks.  (The "
"article talks about how the same malware would later be introduced in "
"MacOS.  That had not been done at the time, but it was done subsequently.)"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><ul><li><p>
msgid ""
"iTunes videos have DRM, which allows Apple to <a "
"href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FairPlay\">dictate where its customers "
"can watch the videos they purchased</a>."
msgstr ""

#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes.
#. type: Content of: <div><div>
msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*"
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Please send general FSF &amp; GNU inquiries to <a "
"href=\"mailto:gnu@gnu.org\">&lt;gnu@gnu.org&gt;</a>.  There are also <a "
"href=\"/contact/\">other ways to contact</a> the FSF.  Broken links and "
"other corrections or suggestions can be sent to <a "
"href=\"mailto:webmasters@gnu.org\">&lt;webmasters@gnu.org&gt;</a>."
msgstr ""

#.  TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
#.         replace it with the translation of these two:
#
#.         We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
#.         translations.  However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
#.         Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
#.         to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org">
#
#.         &lt;web-translators@gnu.org&gt;</a>.</p>
#
#.         <p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of
#.         our web pages, see <a
#.         href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
#.         README</a>. 
#. type: Content of: <div><div><p>
msgid ""
"Please see the <a "
"href=\"/server/standards/README.translations.html\">Translations README</a> "
"for information on coordinating and contributing translations of this "
"article."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "Copyright &copy; 2014-2025 Free Software Foundation, Inc."
msgstr ""

#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid ""
"This page is licensed under a <a rel=\"license\" "
"href=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/\">Creative Commons "
"Attribution 4.0 International License</a>."
msgstr ""

#. TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits.
#. type: Content of: <div><div>
msgid "*GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S CREDITS*"
msgstr ""

#.  timestamp start 
#. type: Content of: <div><p>
msgid "Updated:"
msgstr ""