initial-announcement.html - en to nl translation catalogue (31 entries)

note: type: Content of: <title>
en: Initial Announcement - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation
nl: Over het GNU Project - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation

note: type: Content of: <div><h2>
en: Initial Announcement
nl: Eerste Aankondiging

note: type: Content of: <div><div><p>
en: This is the original announcement of the GNU Project, posted by <a href="https://www.stallman.org/">Richard Stallman</a> on September 27, 1983.
nl: Dit is de originele aankondiging van het GNU project, geschreven door <a href="https://www.stallman.org/">Richard Stallman</a> op 27 September 1983.

note: type: Content of: <div><div><p>
en: The actual history of the GNU Project differs in many ways from this initial plan. For example, the beginning was delayed until January 1984. Several of the philosophical concepts of <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.html">free software</a> were not clarified until a few years later.
nl: De ware geschiedenis van het GNU Project is op vele punten afgeweken van dit eerste plan. Het begin werd bijvoorbeeld vertraagd tot Januari 1984 en diverse details van <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.html">vrije software</a> werden jaren later pas geformuleerd.

note: type: Content of: <div><h3>
en: Free Unix!
nl: Bevrijd Unix!

note: type: Content of: <div><p>
en: Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and give it away free&#8239;<a class="ftn" href="#f1">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it.  Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly needed.
nl: Vanaf eind November ga ik me toeleggen op het schrijven van een compleet besturingssysteem, uitwisselbaar met Unix, met de naam GNU (voor Gnu's Not Unix - GNU is geen Unix, nvdv) en dat ga ik weggeven&#8239;<a class="ftn" href="#f1">[1]</a> aan iedereen die het gebruiken kan. Een bijdrage in de kosten, of in de vorm van hulp, programma's of systemen is hierbij nodig.

note: type: Content of: <div><p>
en: To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to write and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker, assembler, and a few other things.  After this we will add a text formatter, a YACC, an Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of other things.  We hope to supply, eventually, everything useful that normally comes with a Unix system, and anything else useful, including on-line and hardcopy documentation.
nl: Om te beginnen zal GNU een kernel hebben met daarbij alle hulpprogramma's benodigd voor het schrijven en uitvoeren van C programma's: editor, C compiler, linker, assembler en nog zo wat dingen. Hierna zullen we een tekstzetter, een YACC, een Empire spelletje, een spreadsheet en honderden andere programma's toevoegen. We hopen op termijn alle programma's te kunnen leveren die je normaal gesproken op een Unix systeem kunt verwachten en nog meer bruikbaars zoals online- en papieren handleidingen.

note: type: Content of: <div><p>
en: GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical to Unix.  We will make all improvements that are convenient, based on our experience with other operating systems.  In particular, we plan to have longer filenames, file version numbers, a crashproof file system, filename completion perhaps, terminal-independent display support, and eventually a Lisp-based window system through which several Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs can share a screen.  Both C and Lisp will be available as system programming languages.  We will have network software based on MIT's chaosnet protocol, far superior to UUCP.  We may also have something compatible with UUCP.
nl: GNU zal in staat zijn Unix programma's uit te voeren maar zal niet identiek zijn aan Unix. We zullen verbeteringen aanbrengen waar we het nodig achten, daarbij afgaand op onze ervaring met andere besturingssystemen. Meer specifiek willen we langere bestandsnamen ondersteunen, versienummering van bestanden, een robuust bestandssysteem dat een kapotte schijf kan overleven, wellicht het automatisch completeren van bestandsnamen, ondersteuning van hardware-onafhankelijke schermen&mdash; en op termijn een window-systeem gebaseerd op Lisp via welke meerdere Lisp programma's en normale Unix-programma's een scherm kunnen delen. Zowel C als Lisp zullen er op zitten als talen voor systeemprogrammering. We zullen netwerksoftware hebben, gebaseerd op het Chaosnet protocol van het MIT, een grote verbetering ten opzichte van UUCP. We zullen misschien zelfs wel iets hebben wat uitwisselbaar is met UUCP.

note: type: Content of: <div><h3>
en: Who Am I?
nl: Wie Ben Ik?

note: type: Content of: <div><p>
en: I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS editor, now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT.  I have worked extensively on compilers, editors, debuggers, command interpreters, the Incompatible Timesharing System and the Lisp Machine operating system.  I pioneered terminal-independent display support in ITS.  In addition I have implemented one crashproof file system and two window systems for Lisp machines.
nl: Ik ben Richard Stallman, uitvinder van de veel nagemaakte editor EMACS, nu bij het laboratorium voor kunstmatige intelligentie aan het MIT. Ik heb veel gewerkt met compilers, editors, debuggers, commando interpreters, het Incompatible Timesharing System en het Lisp Machine besturingssysteem. Ik heb als eerste ge&euml;xperimenteerd met hardware-onafhankelijke ondersteuning van schermen in ITS. Daarnaast heb ik een robuust bestandssysteem ontwikkeld wat kapotte schijven overleeft en twee window systemen voor Lisp machines.

note: type: Content of: <div><h3>
en: Why I Must Write GNU
nl: Waarom Ik GNU Moet Maken

note: type: Content of: <div><p>
en: I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I must share it with other people who like it.  I cannot in good conscience sign a nondisclosure agreement or a software license agreement.
nl: Ik vind het een gulden regel dat wanneer ik een programma goed vind, ik het moet kunnen delen met mensen die het ook goed vinden. Ik kan het niet met mijn geweten overeenstemmen om een geheimhoudingsverklaring te ondertekenen of een software licentie.

note: type: Content of: <div><p>
en: So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles, I have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so that I will be able to get along without any software that is not free.
nl: Om toch verder te kunnen werken met computers zonder mijn geweten geweld aan te doen heb ik besloten om een dusdanige hoeveelheid vrije software te maken dat ik verder met computers kan werken zonder daarbij niet-vrije software te hoeven gebruiken.

note: type: Content of: <div><h3>
en: How You Can Contribute
nl: Hoe Jij Bij Kunt Dragen

note: type: Content of: <div><p>
en: I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money.  I'm asking individuals for donations of programs and work.
nl: Ik vraag computerfabrikanten om financi&euml;le bijdragen en om machines. Ik vraag aan individuen bijdragen in de vorm van programma's of programmeer-inspanning.

note: type: Content of: <div><p>
en: One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine.  But we could use more.  One consequence you can expect if you donate machines is that GNU will run on them at an early date.  The machine had better be able to operate in a residential area, and not require sophisticated cooling or power.
nl: E&eacute;n fabrikant heeft al een machine bijgedragen. Maar we kunnen er meer gebruiken. Een voordeel wanneer je een machine doneert is dat het GNU systeem hier het eerst op zal draaien. De machine moet wel in een normale woonwijk kunnen functioneren en geen aparte koeling of voeding nodig hebben.

note: type: Content of: <div><p>
en: Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate of some Unix utility and giving it to me.  For most projects, such part-time distributed work would be very hard to coordinate; the independently-written parts would not work together.  But for the particular task of replacing Unix, this problem is absent.  Most interface specifications are fixed by Unix compatibility.  If each contribution works with the rest of Unix, it will probably work with the rest of GNU.
nl: Individuele programmeurs kunnen bijdragen door een Unix-onderdeel na te maken en dit aan mij te geven. Voor de meeste projecten is dit soort gedistribueerd, part-time werken heel moeilijk te co&ouml;rdineren; de diverse onafhankelijk gemaakte onderdelen zouden niet samenwerken. Maar voor dit specifieke doel, het vervangen van Unix, is het geen probleem. De meeste specificaties voor de koppelingen liggen al vast door de uitwisselbaarheid met Unix. Wanneer iedere bijdrage met Unix kan werken, zal het ook wel met GNU werken.

note: type: Content of: <div><p>
en: If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or part time.  The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for whom knowing they are helping humanity is as important as money.  I view this as a way of enabling dedicated people to devote their full energies to working on GNU by sparing them the need to make a living in another way.
nl: Wanneer ik financi&euml;le bijdragen ontvang kan ik wat mensen full- of parttime inhuren. Het salaris zal niet hoog zijn maar ik zoek mensen die het helpen van de mensheid minstens zo belangrijk vinden als geld. Ik zie dit meer als een mogelijkheid om mensen met inzet in staat te stellen zich volledig op de GNU-taak te concentreren zonder dat ze zich zorgen hoeven maken over brood op de plank.

note: type: Content of: <div><p>
en: For more information, contact me.
nl: Neem contact met mij op voor meer informatie.

note: type: Content of: <div><div><h3>
en: Original message
nl: Originele bericht

note: type: Content of: <div><div><p>
en: For completeness, the original email is reproduced here, in its original form.
nl: Om compleet te zijn wordt hieronder nog eens de originele email integraal getoond.

note: TRANSLATORS: Don't translate anything except the headers. type: Content of: <div><div><pre>
en: From CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ
    From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie
    Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft
    Subject: new Unix implementation
    Date: Tue, 27-Sep-83 12:35:59 EST
    Organization: MIT AI Lab, Cambridge, MA
    
    Free Unix!
    
    Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete
    Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and
    give it away free&#8239;<a href="#f1">[1]</a> to everyone who can use it.
    Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly
    needed.
    
    To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to
    write and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker,
    assembler, and a few other things.  After this we will add a text
    formatter, a YACC, an Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of
    other things.  We hope to supply, eventually, everything useful that
    normally comes with a Unix system, and anything else useful, including
    on-line and hardcopy documentation.
    
    GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical
    to Unix.  We will make all improvements that are convenient, based
    on our experience with other operating systems.  In particular,
    we plan to have longer filenames, file version numbers, a crashproof
    file system, filename completion perhaps, terminal-independent
    display support, and eventually a Lisp-based window system through
    which several Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs can share a screen.
    Both C and Lisp will be available as system programming languages.
    We will have network software based on MIT's chaosnet protocol,
    far superior to UUCP.  We may also have something compatible
    with UUCP.
    
    
    Who Am I?
    
    I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS
    editor, now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT.  I have worked
    extensively on compilers, editors, debuggers, command interpreters, the
    Incompatible Timesharing System and the Lisp Machine operating system.
    I pioneered terminal-independent display support in ITS.  In addition I
    have implemented one crashproof file system and two window systems for
    Lisp machines.
    
    
    Why I Must Write GNU
    
    I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I
    must share it with other people who like it.  I cannot in good
    conscience sign a nondisclosure agreement or a software license
    agreement.
    
    So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles,
    I have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so that
    I will be able to get along without any software that is not free.
    
    
    How You Can Contribute
    
    I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money.
    I'm asking individuals for donations of programs and work.
    
    One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine.  But
    we could use more.  One consequence you can expect if you donate
    machines is that GNU will run on them at an early date.  The machine had
    better be able to operate in a residential area, and not require
    sophisticated cooling or power.
    
    Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate
    of some Unix utility and giving it to me.  For most projects, such
    part-time distributed work would be very hard to coordinate; the
    independently-written parts would not work together.  But for the
    particular task of replacing Unix, this problem is absent.  Most
    interface specifications are fixed by Unix compatibility.  If each
    contribution works with the rest of Unix, it will probably work
    with the rest of GNU.
    
    If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or
    part time.  The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for
    whom knowing they are helping humanity is as important as money.  I view
    this as a way of enabling dedicated people to devote their full energies to
    working on GNU by sparing them the need to make a living in another way.
    
    
    For more information, contact me.
    Arpanet mail:
      RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA
    
    Usenet:
      ...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ
      ...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ
    
    US Snail:
      Richard Stallman
      166 Prospect St
      Cambridge, MA 02139
nl: From CSvax:pur-ee:inuxc!ixn5c!ihnp4!houxm!mhuxi!eagle!mit-vax!mit-eddie!RMS@MIT-OZ
    From: RMS%MIT-OZ@mit-eddie
    Newsgroups: net.unix-wizards,net.usoft
    Subject: new Unix implementation
    Date: Tue, 27-Sep-83 12:35:59 EST
    Organization: MIT AI Lab, Cambridge, MA
    
    Free Unix!
    
    Starting this Thanksgiving I am going to write a complete
    Unix-compatible software system called GNU (for Gnu's Not Unix), and
    give it away free<a href="#f1">(1)</a> to everyone who can use it.
    Contributions of time, money, programs and equipment are greatly
    needed.
    
    To begin with, GNU will be a kernel plus all the utilities needed to
    write and run C programs: editor, shell, C compiler, linker,
    assembler, and a few other things.  After this we will add a text
    formatter, a YACC, an Empire game, a spreadsheet, and hundreds of
    other things.  We hope to supply, eventually, everything useful that
    normally comes with a Unix system, and anything else useful, including
    on-line and hardcopy documentation.
    
    GNU will be able to run Unix programs, but will not be identical
    to Unix.  We will make all improvements that are convenient, based
    on our experience with other operating systems.  In particular,
    we plan to have longer filenames, file version numbers, a crashproof
    file system, filename completion perhaps, terminal-independent
    display support, and eventually a Lisp-based window system through
    which several Lisp programs and ordinary Unix programs can share a screen.
    Both C and Lisp will be available as system programming languages.
    We will have network software based on MIT's chaosnet protocol,
    far superior to UUCP.  We may also have something compatible
    with UUCP.
    
    
    Who Am I?
    
    I am Richard Stallman, inventor of the original much-imitated EMACS
    editor, now at the Artificial Intelligence Lab at MIT.  I have worked
    extensively on compilers, editors, debuggers, command interpreters, the
    Incompatible Timesharing System and the Lisp Machine operating system.
    I pioneered terminal-independent display support in ITS.  In addition I
    have implemented one crashproof file system and two window systems for
    Lisp machines.
    
    
    Why I Must Write GNU
    
    I consider that the golden rule requires that if I like a program I
    must share it with other people who like it.  I cannot in good
    conscience sign a nondisclosure agreement or a software license
    agreement.
    
    So that I can continue to use computers without violating my principles,
    I have decided to put together a sufficient body of free software so that
    I will be able to get along without any software that is not free.
    
    
    How You Can Contribute
    
    I am asking computer manufacturers for donations of machines and money.
    I'm asking individuals for donations of programs and work.
    
    One computer manufacturer has already offered to provide a machine.  But
    we could use more.  One consequence you can expect if you donate
    machines is that GNU will run on them at an early date.  The machine had
    better be able to operate in a residential area, and not require
    sophisticated cooling or power.
    
    Individual programmers can contribute by writing a compatible duplicate
    of some Unix utility and giving it to me.  For most projects, such
    part-time distributed work would be very hard to coordinate; the
    independently-written parts would not work together.  But for the
    particular task of replacing Unix, this problem is absent.  Most
    interface specifications are fixed by Unix compatibility.  If each
    contribution works with the rest of Unix, it will probably work
    with the rest of GNU.
    
    If I get donations of money, I may be able to hire a few people full or
    part time.  The salary won't be high, but I'm looking for people for
    whom knowing they are helping humanity is as important as money.  I view
    this as a way of enabling dedicated people to devote their full energies to
    working on GNU by sparing them the need to make a living in another way.
    
    
    For more information, contact me.
    Arpanet mail:
      RMS@MIT-MC.ARPA
    
    Usenet:
      ...!mit-eddie!RMS@OZ
      ...!mit-vax!RMS@OZ
    
    US Snail:
      Richard Stallman
      166 Prospect St
      Cambridge, MA 02139

note: type: Content of: <div><h3>
en: Footnote
nl: Voetnoot

note: type: Content of: <div><ol><li><p>
en: <em>The wording here was careless.</em> The intention was that nobody would have to pay for <b>permission</b> to use the GNU system.  But the words don't make this clear, and people often interpret them as saying that copies of GNU should always be distributed at little or no charge.  That was never the intent.  Subsequently I have learned to distinguish carefully between &ldquo;free&rdquo; in the sense of freedom and &ldquo;free&rdquo; in the sense of price.  Free software is software that users have the freedom to distribute and change.  Some users may obtain copies at no charge, while others pay to obtain copies&mdash;and if the funds help support improving the software, so much the better.  The important thing is that everyone who has a copy has the freedom to cooperate with others in using it.
nl: <em>Dit was slecht verwoord.</em> De bedoeling was dat niemand voor het recht om het GNU systeem te gebruiken hoefde te betalen. Maar de bewoording is niet duidelijk en men gaat er dan van uit dat er staat dat kopie&euml;n van GNU gratis of voor weinig gedistribueerd moeten worden. Dit was nooit de bedoeling. Daarna heb ik geleerd onderscheid te maken tussen &ldquo;vrij&rdquo; als in vrijheid en &ldquo;vrij&rdquo; als in gratis. Vrije software is software met de vrijheid om die naar believen te distribueren of aan te passen. WSommige gebruikers zullen hun kopie gratis kunnen bemachtigen, terwijl anderen hiervoor een vergoeding moeten betalen&mdash;en als zo'n vergoeding helpt de software verder te ontwikkelen, prima. Het belangrijkste is dat iedereen met een kopie de vrijheid heeft om die in samenwerking met anderen te gebruiken.

note: type: Content of: <div><ol><li><p>
en: The expression &ldquo;give away&rdquo; is another indication that I had not yet clearly separated the issue of price from that of freedom.  We now recommend avoiding this expression when talking about free software.  See &ldquo;<a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#GiveAwaySoftware">Confusing Words and Phrases</a>&rdquo; for more explanation.
nl: De term &ldquo;weggeven&rdquo; geeft ook al aan dat ik geen duidelijk onderscheid maakte tussen prijs en vrijheid. Dus we raden in het vervolg af deze term te gebruiken in relatie tot vrije software. Zie ook &ldquo;<a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#GiveAwaySoftware">Onduidelijke woorden en omschrijvingen</a>&rdquo; voor meer details.

note: TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't have notes. type: Content of: <div>
en: *GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S NOTES*
nl: <strong>Noot van de vertaler</strong><br />
    Dit artikel beschrijft de staat van privacy, democratie en digitale mensenrechten wereldwijd, aan de hand van voorbeelden in de Verenigde Staten. De situatie in Nederland en Belgi&euml; is niet noodzakelijkerwijs beter. Bits of Freedom houdt zich bezig met de situatie in Nederland; bezoek <a href="https://www.bof.nl/">hun website</a> om meer te weten te komen over ontwikkelingen hier

note: type: Content of: <div><div><p>
en: Please send general FSF &amp; GNU inquiries to <a href="mailto:gnu@gnu.org">&lt;gnu@gnu.org&gt;</a>.  There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a> the FSF.  Broken links and other corrections or suggestions can be sent to <a href="mailto:webmasters@gnu.org">&lt;webmasters@gnu.org&gt;</a>.
nl: Gelieve algemene vragen over FSF &amp; GNU te sturen naar <a href="mailto:gnu@gnu.org">&lt;gnu@gnu.org&gt;</a>. Er zijn ook nog <a href="/contact/">andere manieren om in contact te komen</a> met de FSF. Foute links en andere correcties graag sturen aan <a href="mailto:webmasters@gnu.org">&lt;webmasters@gnu.org&gt;</a>.

note: TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph, replace it with the translation of these two: We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality translations.  However, we are not exempt from imperfection. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard to <a hr
en: Please see the <a href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations of this article.
nl: We doen ons best om goede vertalingen te maken maar staan altijd open voor verbeteringen. Suggesties, op- en aanmerkingen sturen aan: <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org">&lt;web-translators@gnu.org&gt;</a>.</p> <p>Zie <a href="/server/standards/README.translations.html"> Translations README</a> voor informatie over het onderhoud van vertalingen op deze website.

note: type: Content of: <div><p>
en: This page is licensed under a <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>.
nl: Deze pagina valt onder de <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0">Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationale Licentie</a>.

note: TRANSLATORS: Use space (SPC) as msgstr if you don't want credits. type: Content of: <div><div>
en: *GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S CREDITS*
nl: <strong>Vertaling:</strong> <a href="//savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-nl">www-nl</a>

note: timestamp start type: Content of: <div><p>
en: Updated:
nl: Bijgewerkt:
