15-years-of-free-software.html - en to zh_CN translation catalogue (17 entries)

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en: 15 Years of Free Software - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation
zh_CN: 自由软件15年 - GNU工程 - 自由软件基金会

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en: GNU, FSF, Free Software Foundation, freedom, Richard Stallman, rms, free software movement
zh_CN: GNU、FSF、自由软件基金会、自由、Richard Stallman、rms、自由软件运动

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en: Richard Stallman discusses the history of the movement to develop a free operating system.
zh_CN: Richard Stallman讲解开发自由操作系统之运动的历史。

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en: 15 Years of Free Software
zh_CN: 自由软件15年

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en: by Richard Stallman
zh_CN: Richard Stallman 著

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en: It is now just over 15 years since the beginning of the Free Software Movement and the GNU Project. We have come a long way.
zh_CN: 现在距自由软件运动和GNU工程的开始刚好过了15年。我们经历了一个漫长的旅程。

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en: In 1984, it was impossible to use a modern computer without installing a proprietary operating system, which you would have to obtain under a restrictive license. No one was allowed to share software freely with fellow computer users, and hardly anyone could change software to fit his or her own needs. The owners of software had erected walls to divide us from each other.
zh_CN: 在1984年，如果你不安装一个专属操作系统的话，你就不能使用先进的电脑，而该操作系统只能通过限制性许可证获得。没有人可以自由地和同仁分享软件，也很少有人能够修改软件来适应自己的需求。软件的所有者建立了高墙把我们分隔开来。

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en: The GNU Project was founded to change all that. Its first goal: to develop a Unix-compatible portable operating system that would be 100% free software. Not 95% free, not 99.5%, but 100%&mdash;so that users would be free to redistribute the whole system, and free to change and contribute to any part of it. The name of the system, GNU, is a recursive acronym meaning &ldquo;GNU's Not Unix&rdquo;&mdash;a way of paying tribute to the technical ideas of Unix, while at the same time saying that GNU is something different. Technically, GNU is like Unix. But unlike Unix, GNU gives its users freedom.
zh_CN: GNU工程正是为改变这一切而创立。其首要目标：开发一个100%自由软件的、兼容Unix的可移植操作系统。不是95%自由，也不是99.5%自由，而是100%&mdash;这样用户就有自由再发布整个系统、有自由修改其每个部分、有自由为其每个部分做出贡献。该系统的名字，GNU，是一个首字母递归，意思是&ldquo;GNU并非Unix（GNU's Not Unix）&rdquo;&mdash;这是对Unix之技术理念的致敬，同时也表明GNU有所不同。技术上，GNU类似Unix。但是它和Unix不同，GNU给予其用户自由。

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en: It took many years of work, by hundreds of programmers, to develop this operating system. Some were paid by the Free Software Foundation and by free software companies; most were volunteers. A few have become famous; most are known mainly within their profession, by other hackers who use or work on their code. All together have helped to liberate the potential of the computer network for all humanity.
zh_CN: 数百个程序员花费了许多年才开发出这个操作系统。他们有些是由自由软件基金会和自由软件公司支付薪酬；而大多数是志愿者。有些因此成名；而大多数主要在其行业为人所知、被其他使用其代码的黑客所知。大家一起为全人类解放了电脑网络的潜力。

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en: In 1991, the last major essential component of a Unix-like system was developed: Linux, the free kernel written by Linus Torvalds. Today, the combination of GNU and Linux is used by millions of people around the world, and its popularity is growing. This month, we announced release 1.0 of <abbr title="GNU Network Object Model Environment">GNOME</abbr>, the GNU graphical desktop, which we hope will make the GNU/Linux system as easy to use as any other operating system.
zh_CN: 在 1991 年，最后一个类 Unix 系统的主要部件被开发了出来：Linux，由 Linus Torvalds 编写的内核。今天，全世界有数百万人使用 GNU 和 Linux 的组合，而且其热度还在攀升。本月，我们发布了 <abbr title="GNU Network Object Model Environment">GNOME</abbr> 1.0 版，这是 GNU 的图形桌面，我们希望借此使 GNU/Linux 系统变得和其他操作系统一样易用。

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en: But our freedom is not permanently assured. The world does not stand still, and we cannot count on having freedom five years from now, just because we have it today. Free software faces difficult challenges and dangers. It will take determined efforts to preserve our freedom, just as it took to obtain freedom in the first place. Meanwhile, the operating system is just the beginning&mdash;now we need to add free applications to handle the whole range of jobs that users want to do.
zh_CN: 但是自由并没有获得永久保障。世界并非一成不变，我们今天拥有的自由并不能保证5年之后的自由。自由软件面临艰巨的挑战和危险。我们需要决心来保护自由，正如我们需要决心来获得自由一样。同时，操作系统只是开始&mdash;现在我们需要增加帮助用户完成大量工作的自由应用。

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en: In future columns, I will be writing about the specific challenges facing the free software community, and other issues affecting freedom for computer users, as well as developments affecting the GNU/Linux operating system.
zh_CN: 在未来的专栏之中，我会接着撰写自由软件社区面临的特别挑战、影响计算机用户自由的其他问题以及影响GNU/Linux系统的开发事项。

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en: Please send general FSF &amp; GNU inquiries to <a href="mailto:gnu@gnu.org">&lt;gnu@gnu.org&gt;</a>.  There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a> the FSF.  Broken links and other corrections or suggestions can be sent to <a href="mailto:webmasters@gnu.org">&lt;webmasters@gnu.org&gt;</a>.
zh_CN: 请将有关自由软件基金会（FSF）&amp;GNU的一般性问题发送到<a href="mailto:gnu@gnu.org">&lt;gnu@gnu.org&gt;</a>。也可以通过<a href="/contact/">其他联系方法</a>联系自由软件基金会(FSF)。请将无效链接，其他错误或建议发送给<a href="mailto:webmasters@gnu.org">&lt;webmasters@gnu.org&gt;</a>。

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en: Please see the <a href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations of this article.
zh_CN: 我们尽最大努力来提供精准和高质量的翻译，但难免会存在错误和不足。如果您在这方面有评论或一般性的建议，请发送至 <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org">&lt;web-translators@gnu.org&gt;</a>。</p><p>关于进行协调与提交翻译的更多信息参见 <a href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">《译者指南》</a>。

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en: This page is licensed under a <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>.
zh_CN: 本页面使用 <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a> 授权。

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en: *GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S CREDITS*
zh_CN: <b>翻译团队</b>：<a rel="team" href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-zh-cn/">&lt;CTT&gt;</a>，2018，2020，2021。

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