your-freedom-needs-free-software.html - en to zh_CN translation catalogue (17 entries)

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en: Your Freedom Needs Free Software - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation
zh_CN: 你的自由需要自由软件 - GNU 工程 - 自由软件基金会

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en: Your Freedom Needs Free Software
zh_CN: 你的自由需要自由软件

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en: by Richard Stallman
zh_CN: <a href="https://www.stallman.org/">Richard Stallman</a> 著

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en: Many of us know that governments can threaten the human rights of software users through censorship and surveillance of the Internet.  Many do not realize that the software they run on their home or work computers can be an even worse threat.  Thinking of software as &ldquo;just a tool,&rdquo; they suppose that it obeys them, when in fact it often obeys others instead.
zh_CN: 我们中的许多人都知道，政府可以通过对互联网的审查和监视来威胁软件用户的人权。许多人没有意识到他们在家庭或工作计算机上运行的软件可能是一个更严重的威胁。他们认为软件&ldquo;只是一个工具&rdquo;，他们认为软件服从他们，而实际上软件经常服从别人。

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en: The software running in most computers is <a href="/philosophy/categories.html#ProprietarySoftware">nonfree, proprietary software</a>: controlled by software companies, not by its users.  Users can't check what these programs do, nor prevent them from doing what they don't want.  Most people accept this because they have seen no other way, but it is simply wrong to give developers power over the users' computer.
zh_CN: 在大多数计算机中运行的是<a href="/philosophy/categories.html#ProprietarySoftware">非自由的、专有的软件</a>：它们被软件公司控制，而不是由其用户控制。用户不能检查这些软件做了什么，也无法阻止这些软件做他们不想做的事情。大多数人接受这一点是因为他们没有别的办法，但是让开发人员拥有控制用户电脑的权力是明摆的错误。

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en: This unjust power, as usual, tempts its wielders to further misdeeds. If a computer talks to a network, and you don't control the software in it, it can easily spy on you.  Microsoft Windows spies on users; for instance, it reports what words a user searches for in her own files, and what other programs are installed.  RealPlayer spies too; it reports what the user plays.  Cell phones are full of nonfree software, which spies.  Cell phones send out localizing signals even when &ldquo;off,&rdquo; many can send out your precise GPS location whether you wish or not, and some models can be switched on remotely as listening devices.  Users can't fix these malicious features because they don't have control.
zh_CN: 这种不公正的权力一如既往地诱使其操纵者采取进一步的不当行为。如果计算机与网络通信，而你不能控制其中的软件，那么它很容易监视你。微软的 Windows 监视用户；例如，它报告用户在自己的文件中搜索了哪些单词，以及安装了哪些其他程序。RealPlayer 也是如此；它报告用户播放的内容。手机里充斥着这类充当间谍的非自由软件。手机即使在&ldquo;关机&ldquo;时也会发出定位信号，无论你愿意与否，许多手机都可以发送出你的精确 GPS 位置，某些机型还可以作为监听设备被远程启动。用户无法修复这些恶意功能，因为他们没有控制权。

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en: Some proprietary software is <a href="/proprietary/proprietary.html"> designed to restrict and attack its users</a>.  <a href="https://badvista.fsf.org/">Windows Vista</a> was a big advance in this field; the reason it required replacement of old hardware is that the new models were designed to support unbreakable restrictions.  Microsoft thus required users to pay for shiny new shackles.  Vista was also designed to permit forced updating by corporate authority.  Hence the <a href="https://badvista.fsf.org/">Bad Vista</a> campaign, which urged Windows users not to &ldquo;upgrade&rdquo; to Vista.  For later Windows versions, which are <a href="/proprietary/malware-microsoft.html">even more malicious</a>, we now have <a href="https://www.fsf.org/windows">Upgrade from Windows</a>.  Mac&nbsp;OS also contains features designed to <a href="/proprietary/malware-apple.html">restrict its users</a>.
zh_CN: 一些专有软件被<a href="/proprietary/proprietary.html">设计用于限制和攻击它的用户</a>。<a href="https://badvista.fsf.org/">Windows Vista</a> 是该领域的一大助力；它需要更换旧硬件的原因在于新型号被设计成支持牢不可破的限制。Microsoft 以这种方式要求用户为这个闪亮的新枷锁买单。Vista 还被设计成公司有权进行强制更新。因此，<a href="https://badvista.fsf.org/">糟糕的 Vista</a> 活动鼓励用户不要&ldquo;升级&rdquo;到 Vista。对于更高的 Windows 版本，情况<a href="/proprietary/malware-microsoft.html">甚至愈发恶劣</a>，我们现在有了<a href="https://www.fsf.org/windows">从 Windows 升级</a>。Mac OS 也包含一些<a href="/proprietary/malware-apple.html">限制其用户</a>的特性。

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en: In 1999, Microsoft installed back doors for the US government's use.  Researchers <a href="https://www.techworm.net/2013/06/nsa-built-back-door-in-microsofts-all.html"> disagree on what those back doors can do</a>, but Microsoft has made that question less important by its forced software installation, which is even worse. If the 1999 code won't let NSA spy on you, Microsoft can force another change which will do so.  Other proprietary programs may or may not have back doors, but since we cannot check them, we cannot trust them.
zh_CN: 在1999年，微软过去曾安装后门供美国政府使用。研究人员 <a href="https://www.techworm.net/2013/06/nsa-built-back-door-in-microsofts-all.html">不认同这些后门的作用。</a>，但是微软更为恶劣的强制软件安装使这个问题变为次要。如果1999的代码不能让 NSA 监听你，那么微软可以强制升级软件让它可以。其他专有程序可能有也可能没有后门，但由于我们无法检查它们，所以我们不能信任它们。

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en: The only way to assure that your software is working for you is to insist on free/libre software.  This means users get the source code, are free to study and change it, and are free to redistribute it with or without changes.  The <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">GNU/Linux system</a>, developed <a href="/gnu/gnu.html">specifically for users' freedom</a>, includes office applications, multimedia, games, and everything you really need to run a computer.  See our list of <a href="/distros/distros.html">totally free/libre versions of GNU/Linux</a>.
zh_CN: 确保你的软件为你工作的唯一方法是坚持使用自由软件。这意味着用户可以获得源代码，可以自由地研究和修改它，并且可以在无论修改与否的情况下自由地重新分发它。<a href="/gnu/gnu.html">专为用户自由</a>而开发的 <a href="/gnu/linux-and-gnu.html">GNU/Linux 系统</a>包括办公应用程序、多媒体、游戏以及运行计算机真正需要的一切。参见我们的<a href="/distros/distros.html">完全自由版本的 GNU/Linux</a> 列表。

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en: A special problem occurs when activists for social change use proprietary software, because its developers, who control it, may be companies they wish to protest&mdash;or that work hand in glove with the states whose policies they oppose.  Control of our software by a proprietary software company, whether it be Microsoft, Apple, Adobe or Skype, means control of what we can say, and to whom.  This threatens our freedom in all areas of life.
zh_CN: 当社会变革的积极分子使用专有软件时，就会出现一个特殊问题，因为控制软件的开发者可能正是他们想要抗议的公司&mdash;&mdash;或者是与他们反对的政府携手合作的公司。无论是 Microsoft、Apple、Adobe 还是 Skype，由专有软件公司控制我们的软件意味着可以控制我们说什么以及对谁说。这全面威胁到了我们生活中的自由。

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en: There is also danger in using a company's server to do your word processing or email&mdash;and not just if you are in China, as US lawyer Michael Springmann discovered.  In 2003, AOL not only handed over to the police his confidential discussions with clients, it also made his email and his address list disappear, and didn't admit this was intentional until one of its staff made a slip.  Springmann gave up on getting his data back.
zh_CN: 正如美国律师 Michael Springmann 发现的那样，使用公司的服务器来处理你的文字或电子邮件也存在危险&mdash;&mdash;不仅仅是在中国。2003年，AOL 不仅将 Springmann 与客户的秘密讨论交给了警方，还让他的电子邮件和地址列表消失了，直到有一名工作人员露出纰漏后才承认这是故意的。Springmann 放弃了找回他的数据。

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en: The US is not the only state that doesn't respect human rights, so keep your data on your own computer, and your backups under your own custody&mdash;and run your computer with free/libre software.
zh_CN: 美国不是唯一一个不尊重人权的国家，所以最好把数据保存在自己的电脑上，并且亲自保管备份&mdash;&mdash;使用自由软件运行电脑。

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en: Please send general FSF &amp; GNU inquiries to <a href="mailto:gnu@gnu.org">&lt;gnu@gnu.org&gt;</a>.  There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a> the FSF.  Broken links and other corrections or suggestions can be sent to <a href="mailto:webmasters@gnu.org">&lt;webmasters@gnu.org&gt;</a>.
zh_CN: 请将有关自由软件基金会(FSF) &amp; GNU的一般性问题发送到<a href="mailto:gnu@gnu.org">&lt;gnu@gnu.org&gt;</a>。也可以通过<a href="/contact/">其他联系方法</a>联系自由软件基金会(FSF)。有关失效链接或其他错误和建议，请发送邮件到<a href="mailto:webmasters@gnu.org">&lt;webmasters@gnu.org&gt;</a>。

note: TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph, replace it with the translation of these two: We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality translations.  However, we are not exempt from imperfection. Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard to <a hr
en: Please see the <a href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations of this article.
zh_CN: 我们尽最大努力来提供精准和高质量的翻译，但难免会存在错误和不足。如果您在这方面有评论或一般性的建议，请发送至 <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org">&lt;web-translators@gnu.org&gt;</a>。</p><p>关于进行协调与提交翻译的更多信息参见 <a href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">《译者指南》</a>。

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en: This page is licensed under a <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>.
zh_CN: 本页面使用 <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a> 授权。

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en: *GNUN-SLOT: TRANSLATOR'S CREDITS*
zh_CN: <b>翻译团队</b>：<a rel="team" href="https://savannah.gnu.org/projects/www-zh-cn/">&lt;CTT&gt;</a>，2022，2025。

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